DEEPDʘSE

Technology · Proxy DLMO

Dim-light melatonin onset,estimated without a laboratory.

Salivary DLMO under controlled dim light remains the clinical reference. Our free tier estimates the same phase marker from two population-validated behavioural signals — fused with explicit uncertainty bands.

Engine dlmo-proxy-v1

Reference vs proxy

Reference standard vs free-tier proxy

Gold standard

Salivary DLMO

Repeated samples under controlled dim light — clinical reference, high burden, not scalable at population entry.

L3 · Free tier

Behavioural proxy

Sleep onset − 2 h and MCTQ mid-sleep − 2.5 h — published offsets, circular fusion, confidence capped at 0.55.

Proxy DLMO (free tier)

Dim-Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) is when melatonin begins rising under dim light — the reference phase marker in chronotherapy. Lab DLMO needs repeated saliva samples. We estimate it from two published behavioural proxies, then fuse them:

  • Sleep timing

    DLMO ≈ habitual sleep onset − 2 h

    Circular mean of recent phone or wearable sleep onsets. Habitual sleep onset typically follows DLMO by about two hours (Burgess et al., 2016).

  • Chrono test (MCTQ)

    DLMO ≈ mid-sleep on free days − 2.5 h

    Mid-sleep corrected for sleep debt (MSFsc) from the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire — a population-validated phase marker (Roenneberg).

When both signals are present, we weight-fuse them: more synced nights increase weight on sleep timing; disagreement widens your uncertainty band (typically ±60–90 min). Confidence is capped well below clinical grade.

Algorithm

Four-step fusion

Live in estimateDlmoProxy() — same logic on every dashboard load.

  1. Extract

    Circular mean sleep onset

    Up to 14 nights in a 21-day window. Local wall-clock preserved — no server timezone conversion.

  2. Anchor

    MCTQ MSFsc offset

    Latest chronotype profile. DLMO ≈ sleep-corrected mid-sleep on free days − 2.5 h.

  3. Fuse

    Weighted blend

    Behavioural weight = min(14, nights); questionnaire weight = 2. Disagreement widens the uncertainty band.

  4. Report

    Phase offset minutes

    Deviation from population mean DLMO (21:00) — drives medication window shifts in the BTI engine.

Uncertainty

Confidence is capped — by design

A proxy never claims clinical certainty. Bands narrow as evidence accumulates.

  • Low

    ±90 min

    < 0.30 confidence

  • Moderate

    ±75 min

    0.30 – 0.44

  • Strong proxy

    ±60 min

    ≥ 0.45 (max 0.55)

  • Behavioural: +0.10 base, +0.03 per synced night (max +0.35).
  • Questionnaire present: +0.12.
  • Agreement ≤30 min: +0.10 · ≤60 min: +0.05 · >120 min: −0.05.

Upgrade path

Three-tier DLMO resolution

tiptraq_l1 dominates above 0.4 confidence; blood_panel_l2 above 0.3; else smartphone_l3.

  1. Free

    Proxy DLMO from sleep

    Phone and wearable sleep logs give habitual sleep onset. We apply DLMO ≈ sleep onset − 2 h (Burgess et al., 2016) — a behavioural proxy, not a lab measurement.

  2. Step 2

    Chrono test refines phase

    The Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) adds DLMO ≈ MSFsc − 2.5 h (Roenneberg). We fuse this with sleep timing when both are available.

  3. Clinical

    TipTraQ validation

    Three nights at home with the TipTraQ kit give a clinical-grade read — sleep staging, breathing, and oxygen. That block replaces the proxy and unlocks your verified badge.

Honest limits

What this is not

  • Not salivary or plasma DLMO under controlled dim light.
  • Wearable staging varies — we use onset timestamps, not device staging labels.
  • No drug PK/PD simulation; windows are phase-adjusted chronotherapy offsets.
  • Model weights stay server-side — UI receives timing payloads only.

TipTraQ three-night validation replaces the proxy and unlocks the verified clinical-grade badge.

Primary references

  • 2016

    Relationship between melatonin onset and sleep onset

    Burgess, H.J. et al. · Sleep Medicine · Sleep onset ≈ 2 h after DLMO

  • 2007

    Epidemiology of the human circadian clock

    Roenneberg, T. et al. · Sleep Medicine Reviews · MCTQ / MSFsc